Combating Illicit Xylazine Act

Legal Protections for Animal Care: The bill clarifies that certain people can possess xylazine without being classified as an "ultimate user," such as those using it for animals owned by them, animals under their care, or through government animal-control and wildlife programs (Section 4(a)).

Streamlined Transition for Manufacturers: The FDA and DEA are tasked with facilitating and expediting applications required by the new classification to help manufacturers adjust (Section 4(e)).

Informed Oversight through Reporting: The Attorney General is required to submit multiple reports to Congress regarding the prevalence, origin, and diversion of xylotzine, as well as the impact of its use (Section 7).

Scientific and Medical Evaluation: The bill requires an assessment of factors including scientific and medical evaluations to understand the necessity of controlling the substance (Section 7(a)).

Increased Penalties for Offenses: The United States Sentencing Commission is directed to review and potentially amend sentencing guidelines to provide penalties for xylazine offenses (Section 6).

New Regulatory Requirements for Practitioners: Practitioners will eventually be subject to requirements regarding registration, inventory, and recordkeeping associated with Schedule III substances (Section 4(d)).

New Requirements for Distribution: Rules regarding the labeling, packaging, and distribution logistics of xylazine will take effect one year after the act is passed (Section 4(c)).