S.Amdt. 2369

This amendment, titled the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, makes sweeping changes across numerous federal programs, agencies, and tax policies. The legislation aims to alter and add provisions touching on agriculture, defense, energy, tax policy, health care, immigration, and education.

Agricultural and Nutrition Reforms

• The amendment re-evaluates the thrifty food plan and modifies SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) work requirements, utility allowances, internet expenses, and alien eligibility.
• It alters commodity price supports, base acres, and payment limitations, and adjusts disaster assistance programs for livestock, honeybees, and farm-raised fish.
• Crop insurance benefits, beginning farmer supports, and premium supports are enhanced, alongside increased funding for various rural investments and agricultural research.

Defense and National Security Investments

• The legislation appropriates billions of dollars to the Department of Defense to improve the quality of life for military personnel, enhance shipbuilding, and strengthen integrated air and missile defense.
• It increases resources for munitions, defense supply chains, low-cost weapons production, air superiority, nuclear forces, the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command, and readiness.
• Specific funds are allocated for border support operations, counter-drug missions, and oversight by the Department of Defense Inspector General.

Commerce, Transportation, and Energy Provisions

• It provides special appropriations for Coast Guard mission readiness, air traffic improvements, and NASA Mars and Artemis missions.
• It extends general auction authority for the Federal Communications Commission, establishes space launch user fees, and modifies Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) civil penalties.
• The amendment mandates the immediate resumption of onshore and offshore oil and gas lease sales, repeals certain previous energy provisions, and adjusts royalty rates for coal and extracted minerals.
• It rescinds unobligated balances from prior acts for various environmental and climate programs, while appropriating funds for capital repairs at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts.

Tax Policy and IRS Provisions

• The amendment extends and enhances reduced individual income tax rates, the increased standard deduction, the child tax credit, qualified business income deductions, estate and gift tax exemptions, and alternative minimum tax exemptions.
• It implements new tax relief priorities, including provisions regarding tips, overtime, and car loan interest, and establishes a Trump accounts contribution pilot program.
• Business tax reforms include permanent full expensing for certain business property and domestic research expenditures, modifications to the business interest limitation, and enhancements for the paid family and medical leave credit and advanced manufacturing investment credit.
• It modifies international tax rules, base erosion minimum tax amounts, and information reporting thresholds for small businesses and third-party network transactions.

Health Care and Medicaid Changes

• The legislation imposes temporary moratoria on the implementation of specific federal rules relating to Medicare Savings Programs, Medicaid enrollment, and staffing standards for long-term care facilities.
• It introduces new provisions to reduce duplicate enrollment in Medicaid and CHIP, ensure deceased individuals and providers are removed from rolls, and adjust eligibility redetermination frequencies.
• It prohibits federal Medicaid and CHIP funding for specified gender transition procedures and restricts payments to certain prohibited entities.
• Provider taxes, state-directed payments, and budget neutrality requirements for Section 1115 demonstration projects are modified, and community engagement requirements are established for certain Medicaid enrollees.

Education and Student Loan Policies

• It exempts family-owned farms and small businesses from certain asset calculations under the Higher Education Act of 1965.
• It establishes new annual and aggregate loan limits for graduate and professional students and parent borrowers while terminating Graduate and Professional PLUS loans.
• The amendment phases out certain income-driven repayment plans, establishes the Repayment Assistance Plan, and creates the Workforce Pell Grant Program.
• It introduces institutional accountability measures based on low earning outcomes and delays specific Department of Education regulations related to borrower defense to repayment and closed school discharges.

Homeland Security and Immigration Matters

• It appropriates substantial funding for border infrastructure and wall systems, U.S. Customs and Border Protection personnel, detention capacity, and border security technology.
• It establishes new immigration-related fees for asylum applications, employment authorization documents, parole, temporary protected status, visas, and appeals.
• It provides additional funding for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the Department of Justice, the Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers, the Bureau of Prisons, and the United States Secret Service.