CBW Fentanyl Act

Accountability for harmful programs: The bill requires the President to determine if an individual from a foreign government has committed a "covered act," which involves a program that results in injury or damage to another country (Section 2 and Section s 311(3)).

Targeted sanctions on specific substances: By defining "chemical or biological program" to include substances like benzylfentanyl, 4-anilinopiperidine, and norfentanyl precursors, the bill creates a mechanism to address specific chemical threats (Section 311(1)).

Restitution for victims: The bill allows for the termination of sanctions if the foreign country makes restitution to persons harmed by the covered act, including United States nationals (Section 310(d)(1)(B)).

Diplomatic pressure for compliance: The bill uses sanctions to encourage foreign governments to comply with covered treaties, such as the Biological Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention (Section 311(4)).

Economic impact through trade prohibitions: The bill authorizes the prohibition of exports, reexports, or in-country transfers of various items, including those under the Commerce Control List and the United States Munitions List (Section 310(a)(2) and Section 310(b)(2)(C)).

Reduction in foreign assistance: The bill allows for the termination of assistance provided under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, though it excludes urgent humanitarian assistance, food, or agricultural products (Section 310(b)(2)(A)).

Disruption of scientific and economic cooperation: Initial sanctions can include the suspension of all scientific cooperative programs and agreements between the United States and the targeted country (Section 310(a)(1)).

Financial restrictions: Final sanctions can include a prohibition on transactions involving a transfer of credit or payment to a financial institution that involves a financial interest of the country (Section 310(c)(2)).