Bill · S. 1012· Senate(119-S-1012)
SOIL Act of 2025
- Introduced
- 3/12/2025
- Last activity
- 3/12/2025 — Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.
- Sponsored by
- James Lankford
- Cosponsors
- - 5 - 1
- Introduced
- In Committee
What this bill would do
The SOIL Act of 2025 aims to increase oversight of foreign direct investment in United States agricultural land. It expands the review of certain real estate transactions by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, specifically targeting nonmarket economy countries or those identified as national security risks. The bill also targets real estate transactions located within 50 miles of military installations. Additionally, it prohibits certain federal assistance and subsidies for agricultural holdings owned by specific foreign entities. Finally, it updates disclosure requirements for agricultural land and mandates annual reports regarding foreign land holdings.
Yes· 3 of 8
Does this make what the government does easier for the public to see?+6
The bill mandates annual public reports on foreign agricultural land holdings to increase transparency.
Does this give the federal government more power?+5
The bill expands the authority of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States to review specific real estate transactions.
Does this give the government more power to monitor people inside the country?+5
The bill increases oversight of land transactions near military installations and by foreign entities, enhancing domestic security awareness.
The opposite
Would business owners be better off under this?-2
Agricultural businesses may face increased regulatory scrutiny and new disclosure requirements for leases.
Does this make trade with other countries easier?-2
Increased scrutiny on foreign direct investment may create friction in international agricultural trade and investment.
Who it would affect, and how
Potential Positive Impacts for People
-
Increased Oversight of Agricultural Land: The bill mandates reviews of any acquisition or transfer of interest in agricultural land by persons from nonmarket economy countries or countries posing a national security risk (Section 2).
-
Protection of Areas Near Military Installations: The bill requires reviews for real estate transactions—other than residential property—located within 50 miles of a military installation when involving specific foreign entities (Section 3).
-
Restriction of Federal Subsidies: The bill prohibits federal agencies from providing assistance or subsidies to persons who wholly or partly own agricultural real estate held by specific foreign nationals or entities (Section 4).
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Improved Data and Transparency: The bill requires the Secretary to prepare and make publicly available an annual report describing foreign agricultural land holdings, including analysis of countries, counties, and industries (Section 6).
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Enhanced State Information: The Secretary is required to transmit reports on foreign land holdings to each State department of agriculture or appropriate State agency (Section 6).
Potential Negative Impacts for People
- New Reporting Requirements for Leases: The bill expands disclosure requirements to include leasing agreements that are longer than 5 years regarding agricultural land (Section 5).
Groups and Interests Ranking
Every group the model scored this bill for, from -10 to +10. Hover a score for the reason it gave.
- Governance And Ideology
- Improves Government Transparency+6Increases Federal Power+5Increase States Rights+2
- Environment Energy And Infrastructure
- Improves Public Land Management+4Improves Rural Development+3
- Demographic And Interest Groups
- Good For Farmers+3Good For Rural Residents+3Good For Business Owners-2
- National Security And Foreign Policy
- Increases Domestic Surveillance+5Improves International Trade-2
- 5/12/2026
- 2 Cosponsors added.
- 3/13/2025
- 1 Cosponsor added.
- 3/12/2025
- Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.
- 3 Cosponsors added.
- Introduced in Senate
Marsha BlackburnRepublican · Tennessee
Michael BennetDemocrat · Colorado
Bill CassidyRepublican · Louisiana
David McCormickRepublican · Pennsylvania
James RischRepublican · Idaho
Thomas TillisRepublican · North Carolina