JUDGES Act of 2025

Increased Judicial Resources: The bill authorizes the appointment of numerous additional district judges across various states, including California, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Colorado, Nebraska, and Texas (Section 3(a)). This is intended to address the fact that filings in district courts increased by 30 percent since the last comprehensive judgeship legislation (Section 2).

Addressing Case Backlogs: By creating new permanent judgeships, the bill seeks to deal with increased filings and the significant number of pending cases in the district courts (Section 2).

Temporary Judicial Support: The bill provides for one additional temporary district judge for the eastern district of Oklahoma (Section 3(b)).

Increased Transparency: The bill requires the Administrative Office of the United States Courts to make the "Article III Judgeship Recommendations of the Judicial Conference of the United States" report available online free of charge (Section 7(a)). This report includes details on the recommendation process, caseload changes, and specific court information (Section 7(b)).

Improved Oversight through Reporting: The Comptroller General is tasked with submitting reports to Congress evaluating judicial caseload measures, the impact of non-case-related activities, and the assessment of federal agency needs regarding detention space (Section 6).

Limited Longevity of Temporary Positions: Under the temporary judgeship provision for the eastern district of Oklahoma, the first vacancy occurring 5 years or more after the judge's confirmation date shall not be filled (Section 3(b)(2)).

Significant Financial Commitment: The bill authorizes large annual appropriations for the implementation of these judgeships, starting at $12,965,330 for 2029 and increasing to $61,122,270 for 2039 and thereafter, with further increases allowed via inflation adjustments (Section 3(c)(1)).