S.Amdt. 5861

SA 5861, submitted by Mr. Young, is the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2026. This amendment aims to update and expand the existing National Quantum Initiative Act to better support the research, development, and deployment of quantum information science, engineering, and technology.

The amendment seeks to change or add the following to the bill:

• Definitions and Scope: It expands definitions to include terms like quantum applications, quantum computing, quantum networking, and quantum sensing. It also defines foreign countries of concern and foreign entities of concern to protect national security.

• Program Expansion:

  • It adds an International Quantum Cooperation Strategy to build partnerships with allies.
  • It establishes National Quantum Prize Challenges to speed up the development of algorithms and applications.
  • It authorizes the creation of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Quantum Centers and Quantum Testbeds to move research toward real-world use.
  • It creates a new title for NASA Quantum Activities, focusing on space and aeronautics applications.

• Workforce and Education: It adds more support for STEM education, including new traineeships, fellowships, and scholarships for students in the United States.

• Security and Accountability:

  • It mandates an annual evaluation by the Advisory Committee to assess the program's effectiveness and return on investment.
  • It requires a review by the Comptroller General to reduce unnecessary paperwork.
  • It prohibits funds from going to institutions with contracts with Confucius Institutes or those involving foreign entities of concern.

• Supply Chain and Infrastructure: It requires the government to map quantum supply chains and identify vulnerabilities to prevent "supply chain shocks."

• Sunset Provisions: It extends the authority of the National Quantum Initiative through December 30, 2034, but terminates the National Nanotechnology Program 180 days after the act is enacted.